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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Commentsface="Times New Roman Star"*jymga face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"wild mountain she-goat face="Times New Roman Star"дикая горная коза face="Times New Roman Star"ymg|a (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"ymg|a, jymg|a (KB ), ymg|a (IM ) face="Times New Roman Star"Old Osm. ime, yma 'goat', dial. 'deer with straight horns' face="Times New Roman Star"ymg|a (Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"umGa face="Times New Roman Star"d/umg|a face="Times New Roman Star"c?un|ma face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 165, EDT 158, Лексика 154-155. Yak. ymaga (because of medial -g-) is most probably < Evk.
face="Times New Roman Star"*(i)anduk ( ? -nt-) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"a k. of lynx face="Times New Roman Star"вид хищника face="Times New Roman Star"andyk 'вид гиены', Osm. anduq face="Times New Roman Star"andyq 'espe\ce de loup cervier' (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 20, Лексика 159.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sialyk face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"a k. of squirrel, chipmunk face="Times New Roman Star"вид белки, бурундук face="Times New Roman Star"s?ulyg|an ( < *Chuv.) face="Times New Roman Star"sag|yl 'белка' face="Times New Roman Star"salyq (dial. - Leb.) face="Times New Roman Star"*s?olxan > Mari s?ulgan (TLT 65) face="Times New Roman Star"Лексика 165.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka.ma face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 beaver 2 otter face="Times New Roman Star"1 бобер 2 выдра face="Times New Roman Star"qama 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qama 2 face="Times New Roman Star"xam-nos, xam c?at (Верб. ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qamna(g|y) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qamdu 2 face="Times New Roman Star"xъw|ma 'beaver, marten' face="Times New Roman Star"qama 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qama 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 5, 242, Лексика 162, Мудрак Дисс. 145. Also PT *Kam-tur/ 'beaver, otter' (VEWT 228, Лексика 162) (*Kam-tur/ may be a compound < *Kama + *utyr/ 'otter' q. v. sub *o/n|du ; Лексика ibid., however, suggests rather *Kam-luc?, with a diminutive *-luc?. There is also a variant *Kun-tur/ (with *Kunu 'wolverine'? - see, however, TMN 3, 524, with a suggestion of Turk. < Pers.).
face="Times New Roman Star"*togus- (?) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to jump face="Times New Roman Star"скакать face="Times New Roman Star"tovus- face="Times New Roman Star"(Bulgar) doxs '(year of) mouse'
face="Times New Roman Star"*bura (?) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"soul of a sacrificial animal (horse) face="Times New Roman Star"душа жертвенного животного (коня) face="Times New Roman Star"pura 'picture of a male maral on a shaman drum' face="Times New Roman Star"pura (dial.) 'sacrificial animal' face="Times New Roman Star"The Oyr. word is usually identified with bura 'camel' < PT *bugra; the absence of vowel length (*bu:ra would be normally expected) is, however, baffling and could indicate a different origin of the Oyr. and Khak. words. Cf. perhaps also Yak. burgunas 'young cow, cow without calves'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*byn|yt (?-n/-,-d) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"Salmo lenoc face="Times New Roman Star"ленок face="Times New Roman Star"mind-@r 'burbot' face="Times New Roman Star"byjyt face="Times New Roman Star"myjyt face="Times New Roman Star"miit face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 336, Лексика 177.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ban/ak- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"white-fish face="Times New Roman Star"сиг face="Times New Roman Star"maj ag|as (Пек. )
face="Times New Roman Star"*buka face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"perch face="Times New Roman Star"окунь face="Times New Roman Star"ala-bog|a face="Times New Roman Star"ala-bug|a face="Times New Roman Star"ala-bug|a face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 15, Лексика 178 (traditionally regarded as a compound *a:la 'variegated' + *buka 'bull', which is dubious because of the parallelism in Tat.: ala-balyq 'crucian' : ala-bog|a 'perch' - suggesting that the second part of both compounds is originally a fish name).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kumyr- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"ant face="Times New Roman Star"муравей face="Times New Roman Star"qumursg|a (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"komursg|a (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"qyrmysqa face="Times New Roman Star"qumursxa (Pav. C. ), qumursug|a (AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"qumursqa face="Times New Roman Star"Gumursg|a face="Times New Roman Star"xumusxa, xymysxa face="Times New Roman Star"qymyrtas?, qumystas? face="Times New Roman Star"qomursqa face="Times New Roman Star"Gumurg|a:c? face="Times New Roman Star"kymyrdag|as face="Times New Roman Star"qymysqajaq face="Times New Roman Star"qumursqa face="Times New Roman Star"qumyrsqa face="Times New Roman Star"qumyrsqa face="Times New Roman Star"qymyrt|qa face="Times New Roman Star"qumursxa, qumursqa, qumurc?xa face="Times New Roman Star"qumurstqa, qumurstqu face="Times New Roman Star"qumusqa, qomusq@n face="Times New Roman Star"xomursg|a face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 628, VEWT 300, Лексика 183-184, ЭСТЯ 6, 140-141.
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?ortan face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 eel 2 pike face="Times New Roman Star"1 угорь 2 щука face="Times New Roman Star"c?ortan 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?urtan 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?u.rtan 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?ortan 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sortan 2 face="Times New Roman Star"s?ortan 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?orton 2 face="Times New Roman Star"s/ъw|rdan, s/ъw|rtan 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sordon| 2 face="Times New Roman Star"hordon| 2 face="Times New Roman Star"s?ortan 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?orton 2 face="Times New Roman Star"s?ortan 2 face="Times New Roman Star"s?ortan 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sortan 2 face="Times New Roman Star"s?ortan 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?ortan 2 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 116, Лексика 178, Stachowski 108.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sarync?ga face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"locust face="Times New Roman Star"саранча face="Times New Roman Star"saryc?g|a (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"sarync?qan (AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"sarysxa, sarync?qa 'a k. of dragonfly' face="Times New Roman Star"sarys?qa, sarysqa face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 845, VEWT 404, ЭСТЯ 7, Лексика 187 (confused with *siaryg| 'yellow').
face="Times New Roman Star"*uman face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"worm face="Times New Roman Star"червь face="Times New Roman Star"ъw|man face="Times New Roman Star"Isolated in Chuvash, but probably archaic.
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?Ad(b)an face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"scorpion face="Times New Roman Star"скорпион face="Times New Roman Star"c?ad|an (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"c?ajan, c?yjan 'сколопендра' face="Times New Roman Star"c?ajan, (R, Буд. - Kas.) c?ejban 'millipede' face="Times New Roman Star"c?ajan, c?yjan (Abush. , Sangl. ), c?iban (R - Calc. Wb., Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"c?ajo|n face="Times New Roman Star"c?ajan face="Times New Roman Star"c?aja:n face="Times New Roman Star"c?ajan face="Times New Roman Star"s?ajan face="Times New Roman Star"s?ajan face="Times New Roman Star"sajan face="Times New Roman Star"s?ajan face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 94, EDT 403, Лексика 64, 184-185. Turk. > Kalm. caj@ `crayfish' (?), see Щербак 1997 , 111.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bAn|yr/ (?-s) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"gad-fly face="Times New Roman Star"овод face="Times New Roman Star"ma:s face="Times New Roman Star"ma:s face="Times New Roman Star"paas 'gad-fly' (Leb.), man|g|ys 'locust' (Oyr.) face="Times New Roman Star"ma as face="Times New Roman Star"ma:s face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 329, 327.
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?u"meli face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"ant face="Times New Roman Star"муравей face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"meli (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"meli (MK - Chigil) face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"mo"ldu" (R - Bar.) face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"/umadu 'small ants' (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"c?umo|li face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"ma"la" (R - Tar.) face="Times New Roman Star"c?umaly, dial. c?ubaly face="Times New Roman Star"s?ymyl 'maggot' face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 423, VEWT 121, Лексика 184.
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?u"lik- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to become shabby face="Times New Roman Star"становиться потрепанным, заношенным face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"lik- (c?u"lu"k-) (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) c?il 'little' face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"le- 'e^tre altere/' (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"l-c?aGa 'little children', c?u"lpe 'small child' face="Times New Roman Star"su"lek- 'to wear unusual clothes' face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"lu"k- 'to be exhausted, weakened' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 121, EDT 420.
face="Times New Roman Star"*tul(g)un| face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 temple 2 plait face="Times New Roman Star"1 висок, 2 коса face="Times New Roman Star"tulun| (OUygh.) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"tulun|/n 1 (MK ), tulun (IM ) face="Times New Roman Star"tulun 1 face="Times New Roman Star"tolym 2 face="Times New Roman Star"tulg|um 1 (Vam. ), (MKypch.) tulum 2 (CCum ., Houts. ), tulun| 1 (AH _ face="Times New Roman Star"tulyn 2 (ЯЖУ ) face="Times New Roman Star"duluq 'cheek' (?) face="Times New Roman Star"tulun| 2 face="Times New Roman Star"tulun| 2 face="Times New Roman Star"tulun| 2 face="Times New Roman Star"tъlъm 'a tuft of wool left after shearing sheep' face="Times New Roman Star"tulum 2 face="Times New Roman Star"tulym face="Times New Roman Star"tulym face="Times New Roman Star"tolom 2 face="Times New Roman Star"tulym face="Times New Roman Star"tulum 1 (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 498, EDT 501, ДТС 585, Лексика 203-204. The Turkm. form is not quite clear: it has an aberrant (although semantically not very remote) meaning, suffix and voiced d-.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sin|ir face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"sinew face="Times New Roman Star"сухожилие, жила face="Times New Roman Star"sin|ir (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"sin|ir (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"sinir face="Times New Roman Star"sen|er face="Times New Roman Star"sin|ir (AH , Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"sin|ir face="Times New Roman Star"sin|ir face="Times New Roman Star"si:r face="Times New Roman Star"sin|ir face="Times New Roman Star"s?ъnъr face="Times New Roman Star"in|i:r face="Times New Roman Star"in|i:r face="Times New Roman Star"si:r face="Times New Roman Star"sin|ir face="Times New Roman Star"sin|ir face="Times New Roman Star"hi>n|i>r face="Times New Roman Star"sin|ir face="Times New Roman Star"sinir face="Times New Roman Star"sinir face="Times New Roman Star"sin|ir face="Times New Roman Star"sin|ir face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 841, VEWT 423, Лексика 264, ЭСТЯ 7, Stachowski 127.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jo(g)ta face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 thigh, shank 2 body, stature face="Times New Roman Star"1 голень 2 туловище, стан face="Times New Roman Star"jota (OUygh.) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?o|ta (dial.) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jota 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jota, javta, jovta 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?oda 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?oda 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jodo, d/odo 1 face="Times New Roman Star"soto 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?oda 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ota 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?ota 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?ota 2 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 207, ЭСТЯ 4, 29-30, Лексика 282-283.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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